It seems the whole label is in dispute..for instance, the painters later called Luminists did not refer to themselves that way, and though a case can be made for it as a style with certain fine-grain characteristics ( distinguishing it from Impressionism), it also covers paintings extremely different in tone...for instance, consider two more that critics have called Luminist--
Now, this last one is the one I would choose as "Luminist" based on what I remember from school...
I was looking in particular painting of a gathering storm over a New England coastal scene but I couldn't find it...that REALLY looks "Luminist" to me...it has kind of an eerie spiritual quality to it...
Wikipedia sort of dismisses Luminism as an invention of some critics that does not really pan out as a kind of painting completely different from some other kinds of work being done by Hudson River School painters in particular at the time. To quote them:
Luminism is an American landscape painting style of the 1850s – 1870s, characterized by effects of light in landscapes, through using aerial perspective, and concealing visible brushstrokes. Luminist landscapes emphasize tranquillity, and often depict calm, reflective water and a soft, hazy sky.
The term luminism was introduced by mid-20th century art historians to describe a 19th-century American painting style that developed as an offshoot of the Hudson River school. The artists who painted in this style did not refer to their own work as "luminism", nor did they articulate any common painting philosophy outside of the guiding principles of the Hudson River school. Many art historians find the term 'luminism' problematic. J. Gray Sweeney argues that “the origins of luminism as an art-historical term were deeply entwined with the interests of elite collectors, prominent art dealers, influential curators, art historians, and constructions of national identity during the Cold War.”[1] Building on Sweeney's work, Alan Wallach has called for a wholesale rethinking of 'luminism' as a historical phenomenon.[2]
Luminism shares an emphasis on the effects of light with impressionism. However, the two styles are markedly different. Luminism is characterized by attention to detail and the hiding of brushstrokes, while impressionism is characterized by lack of detail and an emphasis on brushstrokes. Luminism preceded impressionism, and the artists who painted in a luminist style were in no way influenced by impressionism.
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Leading American luminists
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- Robert Salmon (1775 – ca. 1845)
- Fitz Henry Lane (1804 – 1865)
- George Caleb Bingham (1811 – 1879)
- John Frederick Kensett (1816 – 1872)
- James Augustus Suydam (1819 – 1865)
- Martin Johnson Heade (1819 – 1904)
- Sanford Robinson Gifford (1823 – 1880)
- Jasper Francis Cropsey (1823 – 1900)
- Frederic Edwin Church (1826 – 1900)
- David Johnson (1827 – 1908)
- Albert Bierstadt (1830 – 1902)
- Edmund Darch Lewis (1835 – 1910)
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