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Friday, January 30, 2015

Posthumous Execution ( e.g. Oliver Cromwell)- wikipedia

Posthumous execution

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The posthumous hanging of Gilles van Ledenberg in 1619
Posthumous execution is the ritual or ceremonial mutilation of an already dead body as a punishment.

Examples[edit]

  • Nils Dacke, leader of a 16th-century peasant revolt in southern Sweden, was posthumously executed.
  • By order of Mary I, the body of Martin Bucer (1491-1551) was exhumed and burned at the Market Square in Cambridge, England.
  • In 1917, the body of Rasputin, the Russian mystic, was exhumed from the ground by a mob and burned with gasoline.
  • In 1918, the body of Lavr Kornilov, the Russian general, was exhumed by a pro-Bolshevik mob. It was then beaten, trampled and burned.

Dissection as a punishment in England[edit]

Some Christians believed that the resurrection of the dead on judgement day requires that the body be buried whole facing east so that the body could rise facing God.[9][10] If dismemberment stopped the possibility of the resurrection of an intact body, then a posthumous execution was an effective way of punishing a criminal.[11][12]
In England Henry VIII granted the annual right to the bodies of four hanged felons. Charles II later increased this to six ... Dissection was now a recognised punishment, a fate worse than death to be added to hanging for the worst offenders. The dissections performed on hanged felons were public: indeed part of the punishment was the delivery from hangman to surgeons at the gallows following public execution, and later public exhibition of the open body itself ... In 1752 an act was passed allowing dissection of all murderers as an alternative to hanging in chains. This was a grisly fate, the tarred body being suspended in a cage until it fell to pieces. The object of this and dissection was to deny a grave ... Dissection was described as 'a further terror and peculiar Mark of Infamy' and 'in no case whatsoever shall the body of any murderer be suffered to be buried'. The rescue, or attempted rescue of the corpse was punishable by transportation for seven years.
—Dr D. R. Johnson, Introductory Anatomy.[13]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. Jump up ^ Zizhi Tongjianvol. 218.
  2. Jump up ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica
  3. Jump up ^ Frusher, J. (2010). "Hanging, Drawing and Quartering: the Anatomy of an Execution". Retrieved 2010-06-30.
  4. Jump up ^ Henderson 1897, p. 19.
  5. Jump up ^ Juhala 2004.
  6. Jump up ^ Journal of the House of Commons: volume 8: 1660–1667 (1802), pp. 26–7 House of Commons The attainder was predated to 1 January 1649 (1648 old style year).
  7. Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Richard Lee (2010), God's Battleaxe, Xlibris Corporation, pp. 379–381, ISBN 9781453583920
  8. Jump up ^ http://wroclaw.hydral.com.pl/67611,foto.html
  9. Jump up ^ Barbara Yorke (2006), The Conversion of Britain Pearson Education, ISBN 0-582-77292-3ISBN 978-0-582-77292-2p. 215
  10. Jump up ^ Fiona Haslam (1996),From Hogarth to Rowlandson: Medicine in Art in Eighteenth-century Britain,Liverpool University Press, ISBN 0-85323-640-2ISBN 978-0-85323-640-5 p. 280 (Thomas Rowlandson, "The Resurrection or an Internal View of the Museum in W-D M-LL street on the last day", 1782)
  11. Jump up ^ Staff. Resurrection of the Body [dead link], Retrieved 2008-11-17
  12. Jump up ^ Mary Abbott (1996). Life Cycles in England, 1560-1720: Cradle to Grave, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-10842-X, 9780415108423. p. 33
  13. Jump up ^ Dr D.R.Johnson, Introductory Anatomy , Centre for Human Biology, (now renamed Faculty of Biological SciencesLeeds University), Retrieved 2008-11-17

References[edit]

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