India caste unrest: 'Ten million without water' in Delhi


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Media captionOne Delhi resident said his household had been without water for four days

More than 10 million people in India's capital are without water despite the army regaining control of its key water source after protests, officials say.
Keshav Chandra, head of Delhi's water board, told the BBC it would take "three to four days" before normal supplies resumed to affected areas.
Jat community protesters demanding more government jobs seized the Munak canal, the city's main water source on Friday.
Sixteen people have been killed and hundreds hurt in three days of riots.
The Munak canal supplies around three-fifths of water to Delhi's 16 million residents. 


Media captionSanjoy Majumder said protesters had created road blocks "effectively encircling Delhi"

Mr Chandra said that prior warnings meant that people had managed to save water, and tankers had been despatched to affected areas of the city, but that this would not be enough to make up for the shortfall. 
Schools in the city were also closed after supplies from the canal were sabotaged during the protests.
The army took control of parts of the canal on Monday morning, but repairs are expected to take time.
The BBC's Sanjoy Majumder who is near Delhi's border with neighbouring Haryana state, said protesters who have set up road blocks are refusing to budge. 
"We don't trust them. Let's get something in writing. Let them spell it out," one demonstrator who refused to be named told the BBC. 

The damaged canal in HaryanaImage copyrightDelhi Jal Board
Image captionThe Munak canal which was damaged by Jat protesters
Indian children collect water from the hand pump, a ground water source of water, in the Azadpur area of north Delhi, India, 22 February 2016Image copyrightEPA
Image captionTen million people are without water in Delhi

Why are the Jats angry?

  • The land-owning Jat community is relatively affluent and has traditionally been seen as upper caste. 
  • They are mainly based in Haryana and seven other states in northern India.
  • Comprising 27% of the voters in Haryana and dominating a third of the 90 state assembly seats, they are a politically influential community. Seven of the 10 chief ministers in Haryana have been Jats.
  • The Jats are currently listed as upper caste but the demonstrators have been demanding inclusion in caste quotas for jobs and education opportunities that have been available to lower castes since 1991. 
  • In March 2014 the Congress-led national government said it would re-categorise Jats as Other Backward Castes (OBC), opening the way to government job quotas.
  • But India's Supreme Court ruled in 2015 that the Jats were not a backward community.
  • As jobs have dried up in the private sector and farming incomes have declined, the community has demanded the reinstatement of their backward caste status to enable them to secure government jobs.
Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal tweeted that the army was "trying to assess in how much time water would reach Delhi and whether any damage had been done to the canal".
Protesters went on the rampage despite a curfew and the deployment of the army, which is reported to have opened fire on them in the districts of Rohtak and Jhajjar.
Haryana state minister Ram Bilas Sharma said the situation was returning to normal, traffic had resumed on national highways and that railway lines between Delhi and the cities of Jaipur and Chandigarh had reopened. 
Mr Sharma also confirmed that the government would introduce a bill on reservations and quotas for the Jat community in the next assembly session, although he did not say when that would be.

A woman carries empty containers to fetch water from a municipal water tap in New Delhi, India, February 21, 2016.Image copyrightReuters
Image captionThe blockage and damage to water treatment plants led to a disruption of supplies to Delhi
A map showing Haryana state in northern India

Meanwhile, India's federal government has said it will set up a top-level committee to look into the grievances of Jats.
The violence had earlier forced the closure of several key roads and national highways, and paralysed the railway system in northern India.
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